Marxism
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John Bellamy Foster, born in 1953, is a prominent sociologist with a focus on Marxist theory and ecological sociology. He serves as a professor at the University of Oregon and editor of Monthly Review. His research explores monopoly capitalism, ecological crisis, and ecosocialism, earning him notable awards for his impactful scholarship.
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Aristotle’s Poetics is a cornerstone of literary theory exploring tragedy and aesthetics, yet it reflects the ideological biases of ancient Athenian society. From a Marxist view, it reinforces class hierarchies and serves conservative functions in art, necessitating historical materialist reinterpretation to understand underlying socio-economic conditions influencing artistic production.
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André Breton, born in 1896, was a key figure in Surrealism, blending literary and political pursuits. Initially influenced by Symbolist writers and psychiatry, Breton’s Dada involvement led to automatic writing, defining Surrealism in 1924. His complex relationship with Marxism aimed to connect art and revolution, impacting 20th-century cultural history significantly.
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Leon Trotsky’s Marxism in Our Time (1939) reasserts the relevance of Marxist theory amidst global crises. Trotsky defends Marxism against claims of obsolescence, arguing it remains vital for understanding capitalist contradictions and fighting bureaucracy. His analysis underscores the necessity of revolutionary action and internationalism, making it crucial for contemporary struggles against oppression.
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Franz Mehring (1846–1919) was a crucial figure in German Marxism, serving as historian, journalist, and political activist. His works, including a biography of Marx, highlight class struggle and critique bourgeois historiography. A founding member of the KPD, he embodied the tensions within socialism and left a lasting legacy in historical and literary criticism.
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Nicos Poulantzas was a Greek Marxist theorist whose work focused on the state, political power, and class structure. Influenced by various intellectual traditions, he developed a structuralist theory of the capitalist state, later evolving to a strategic-relational approach. Poulantzas engaged with politics through Eurocommunism, leaving a lasting impact on Marxist political theory before his untimely…
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Hosea Hudson (1898–1988) was a significant African American Communist leader and labor activist in the mid-20th century. His life highlights the intersection of race, class, and political radicalism. Despite facing repression, he organized Black workers and contributed to labor movements, leaving a legacy that connects Black struggle to broader socialist politics.
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Frederic Jameson’s Postmodernism examines late capitalism’s cultural dynamics, identifying postmodernism as a critical ideological manifestation. While praised for its historical materialism, it lacks a revolutionary praxis, offering diagnostics instead of solutions. Jameson emphasizes the need for cognitive mapping but fails to connect these ideas with grassroots political action, ultimately serving as a theoretical lens rather…
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Benjamin Jefferson Davis Jr. (1903–1964) was an influential African American lawyer and Communist activist who served on the New York City Council. His legal work challenged Jim Crow laws, and he became prominent in leftist politics. Convicted under the Smith Act, Davis continued advocating for civil rights until his death, leaving a significant legacy.
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“The Civil War in the United States,” edited by Andrew Zimmerman, is a foundational Marxist analysis by Marx and Engels of the American Civil War, emphasizing class struggle. It offers insights into the war’s implications for international working-class movements and cautions against sectarianism, advocating for solidarity and concrete analysis amid bourgeois-democratic struggles.
Letters from Tomis 