Poland
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Julian Baltazar Marchlewski (1866–1925), known as Karski, was a significant figure in European Marxism, collaborating with prominent revolutionaries like Rosa Luxemburg and Lenin. He advocated for the international self-emancipation of the working class, significantly contributing to socialist movements in Poland, Germany, and Russia, and influencing the development of revolutionary thought during his lifetime.
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Rosa Luxemburg’s “The National Question: Selected Writings,” edited by Horace B. Davis, presents a critical Marxist analysis of nationalism, arguing against national self-determination as a solution under capitalism. The collection highlights Luxemburg’s rigorous critique of class dynamics and the limitations of nationalist politics, while remaining influential in contemporary discussions on internationalism and socialist strategy.
